-
Evaluation of the Mineral Content and Their Bioavailability in Macrotermes subhyalinus (Winged, Queen and Soldier)
Angaman Djédoux Maxime,
Boko Adjoua Christiane Eunice,
Kambou Sansan
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
1-7
Received:
2 December 2021
Accepted:
20 December 2021
Published:
8 January 2022
Abstract: Edible insects are an important source of nutrients that can help to cover certain nutritional deficiencies. This is the case with Macrotermes subhyalinus, a species of termite widely consumed in Côte d'Ivoire. This study was carried out to assess the mineral content and their bioavailability in the different castes (winged, queen and soldier) of this species. For this, the levels of antinutritional factors, the levels of minerals and their bioavailability were determined. Magnesium and potassium contents vary respectively from 977.18 mg/100g DM to 1405.45 mg/100g DM and from 6658.20 mg/100g DM to 9879.38 mg/100g DM. The winged M. subhyalinus had the higher levels of copper (62 mg/100g DM) and manganese (2867 mg/100g DM). While the queen had the highest values for sodium (2158.9 mg/100g DM) and selenium (0.67 mg/100g DM). As for M. subhyalinus soldier, it was rich in calcium (3323.4 mg/100g DM), zinc (127 mg/100g DM), iron (2657 mg/100g DM) and molybdenum (0.48 mg/100g DM). Regarding the content of antinutritional factors, the highest values are observed with M. subhyalinus soldier in phytate (451.85±28.49 mg/100g DM) and in tannins (35.32±0.98 mg/100g DM). M. subhyalinus queen has the highest oxalate content (12.57±0.48 mg/100g DM). The calculated molar ratios vary from 0.02 to 0.9 with oxalate and from 0.09 to 35.57 with phytates. These insects could be recommended for children suffering from micronutrient deficiency malnutrition.
Abstract: Edible insects are an important source of nutrients that can help to cover certain nutritional deficiencies. This is the case with Macrotermes subhyalinus, a species of termite widely consumed in Côte d'Ivoire. This study was carried out to assess the mineral content and their bioavailability in the different castes (winged, queen and soldier) of t...
Show More
-
Acidemia Propionica: Diagnostic, Intervention and Therapeutic Answer in a Case of the Illness in Camaguey
Raquel Parada Benavente,
Antonia del Valle Leyva,
Isel Aguero Mesa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
8-13
Received:
27 October 2021
Accepted:
29 November 2021
Published:
15 January 2022
Abstract: Justification: The acidemia propionica (AP) is one of the most frequent organic acidemias constitutes inside the congenital errors of the metabolism (CEM). The organic acidemias originates of congenital enzymatic defects that affect the catabolism of the ramified amino acids (AACR) valina, leucina, and isoleucina. In the case of the AP, the molecular damage resides in the deficiency of the activity carboxilasa of the propionil-CoA: an enzyme mitocondrial biotina-clerk that catalyzes the propionil-CoA transformation in metilmanolil-CoA, metabolic step that makes possible the degradation of the AACR valina and isoleucina, as well as of the sulfurated metionina and treonina. The precocious diagnosis of the AP is important to prevent the mental delay and the affected boy's death. Objective: To present the case of preescolar with diagnostic of AP from the birth with favorable evolution, in spite of their multiple revenues with secondary states of extreme graveness to disproportionates. Clinical case: Patient of four years of age that began to present rejection to the foods, vomits and retard of the psychomotor development from the birth. The first revenues were motivated by dehydrations and severe metabolic acidosis, with neurological manifestations that took it to the coma in an opportunity. She was carried out the diagnosis of AP and doctors began the necessary and correct dietary treatment. Conclusions: Before a patient with neurological manifestations that could made a mistake with a sharp intoxication in the stage neonatal, accompanied by vomits, retard of the growth, metabolic acidosis of not very clear cause, it should be suspected the acidemia or aciduria propionica or any other of the CEM. Nutritional improvement was observed and of the psychomotor development after the introduction of a diet free of proteins and leaning with supplements of vitamins.
Abstract: Justification: The acidemia propionica (AP) is one of the most frequent organic acidemias constitutes inside the congenital errors of the metabolism (CEM). The organic acidemias originates of congenital enzymatic defects that affect the catabolism of the ramified amino acids (AACR) valina, leucina, and isoleucina. In the case of the AP, the molecul...
Show More
-
Assessing Nutritional Quality and Shelf life of Broccoli Cultivars
Md. Shyduzzaman Roni,
Mahmud Hasan Rifat,
Mohammad Zakaria,
Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib,
Emrul Kayesh,
Md. Ruhul Amin
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
14-18
Received:
6 December 2021
Accepted:
28 December 2021
Published:
21 January 2022
Abstract: Inadequate knowledge on the nutritional and shelf life of broccoli render growers and consumers to poorly utilize this vegetable. To disseminate proper information on nutrition and storage it’s imperative to determine the nutrient content and shelf life of the modern cultivated broccoli cultivars. In this regard, five broccoli cultivars viz. Green Magic, Green Giant, Top Green, Early Green and Green Imported were evaluated to determine the nutritional and shelf life quality. A factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replicates was used for experimentation. Data were collected on different vitamin, minerals and storage conditions (temperature, packaging). Collected data were statistically analyzed with the help of computer program MSTATC. Outcomes noted that, under fresh condition highest free ascorbic acid content (49.11mg/100g) was recorded in Green Magic. Green Giant had the maximum amount (1.07 mg/100gm) of b-carotene, reducing sugar (4.10 g/100g) and non-reducing sugar (1.53 g/100g). Green Imported had the most content of iron (162.71 ppm), calcium (0.85%) and magnesium (0.33%); while most amount of phosphorus (0.24%) was noted in Green Magic. The peak amount of potassium (0.99 %) and magnesium (0.33%) was found in Green Giant. The longest shelf life was obtained from Green Magic at 4°C (21.83 days) under polyethylene packaging condition. Hence it was noted that, shelf life and temperature had a vice versa relationship.
Abstract: Inadequate knowledge on the nutritional and shelf life of broccoli render growers and consumers to poorly utilize this vegetable. To disseminate proper information on nutrition and storage it’s imperative to determine the nutrient content and shelf life of the modern cultivated broccoli cultivars. In this regard, five broccoli cultivars viz. Green ...
Show More
-
Impact of Key Nutrients on Brain and Executive Function Development in Infants and Toddlers: A Narrative Review
Nithya Franklyn,
Dhanasekhar Kesavelu,
Prameela Joji,
Rahul Verma,
Arun Wadhwa,
Chandan Ray
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
19-26
Received:
15 December 2021
Accepted:
6 January 2022
Published:
21 January 2022
Abstract: Executive function skills are an essential aspect of cognition and are influenced in early life by multiple factors. One of the significant factors that influence brain development is nutrition, which plays a specific role in the brain’s developmental processes and functioning from fetal to adult age. Infants in their early life rely on breastmilk for nutrition. Knowledge of the composition of breast milk and the biochemical composition of the brain has led to the identification of critical nutrients needed for the brain’s growth, development, and functioning. Key nutrients for brain development are those that, when deficient during the precise, sensitive periods of early brain development, could have long-term adverse effects on brain functioning. This narrative review highlights the importance of some key nutrients in early brain development and executive functions, including cognitive performances in infants and toddlers. Lipids are crucial for brain development. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) and sphingomyelin are the key ingredients to influence cognitive performance potentially. Early development of executive function precursors in infants and toddlers is an essential foundation for executive functions outcomes in early childhood or adulthood. Evidence suggests that specific nutrients such as phospholipids, including sphingomyelin and LC-PUFAs (docosahexaenoic acid), are essential for developing higher-level cognitive functions.
Abstract: Executive function skills are an essential aspect of cognition and are influenced in early life by multiple factors. One of the significant factors that influence brain development is nutrition, which plays a specific role in the brain’s developmental processes and functioning from fetal to adult age. Infants in their early life rely on breastmilk ...
Show More
-
Effect of Different Processing Methods on the Nutritional Value of Red and White Bean Cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Marlyne-Josephine Mananga,
Eyili Noah Joseph Karrington,
Kotue Taptue Charles,
Kouandjoua Ndjigoui Brice Didier,
Fokou Elie
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, January 2022
Pages:
27-35
Received:
29 December 2021
Accepted:
20 January 2022
Published:
28 January 2022
Abstract: Among legumes, common bean plays significant role in the diet of Cameroonians. It is a good source of protein, fiber and micronutrients. However, bean contains substantial amount of antinutrients, which limit their utilization. This work evaluates the effect of different processing methods on the macronutrients, micronutrients and antinutrients contents in two bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). A survey was done in the city of Yaounde on the different processes applied on the cultivar before cooking. From the results of the survey, beans treatment were divided into six groups: raw, boiled, boiled with sodium bicarbonate, boiled with Echinops giganteus bark powder, soaked and boiled, soaked with sodium bicarbonate and boiled. The processed samples were analyzed for proximate and antinutrients composition using AOAC methods and minerals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The raw seed served as the control. The results of this study have shown that processing led to an increase significantly (p<0.05) in protein contents. The higher rate of protein were observed for soaked and boiled (25.82%) and boiled (24.23%) respectively for white and red bean. The fiber contents of soaked with sodium bicarbonate and boiled white bean were higher (8.39%) compare to fiber content values recorded for red bean cultivars samples. Fat contents are significantly (p<0.05) lower with all samples after processing. The carbohydrate content of the boiled with Echinops giganteus bark powder of red bean was the highest (59.26%) followed by boiled with sodium bicarbonate red bean 58.61%. Boiled with Echinops giganteus bark powder white bean cultivar had higher iron, zinc, potassium and magnesium while boiled red and white bean cultivar had higher copper levels. Soaked and boiled white bean cultivar had higher calcium while boiled with sodium bicarbonate red bean had higher sodium levels. Processing improved significantly (p<0.05) the nutritional value of the beans by reducing the antinutrient contents. Soaking with sodium bicarbonate and boiling were found to have the highest level of reduction effect on the tannin, oxalate and saponin particularly in the white bean cultivar. Red and white bean cultivars could be used as a food formulation material for infants and young children to prevent protein energy malnutrition.
Abstract: Among legumes, common bean plays significant role in the diet of Cameroonians. It is a good source of protein, fiber and micronutrients. However, bean contains substantial amount of antinutrients, which limit their utilization. This work evaluates the effect of different processing methods on the macronutrients, micronutrients and antinutrients con...
Show More
