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Changes in Nutrient and Phytochemical Composition of Processed Tigernut (Cyperus esclentus L)
Charity Uchechi Ogunka-Nnoka,
Mercy Onuekwuzu Ifeanacho,
Felix Uchenna Igwe,
Torka Esther Ben-Piakor
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2020
Pages:
24-29
Received:
6 April 2020
Accepted:
29 April 2020
Published:
30 April 2020
Abstract: The study investigated Changes in Nutrient and Phytochemical Composition of Processed Tigernut (Cyperus esclentus L). Tiger nut also known as Earth-almond was purchased as dried Earth-almond tubers; carefully selected to remove dust particles and shared into four sets. The first set designated as Earth-almond air dried (EAAd) was further air-dried for four days and blended using laboratory miller. The second, third and fourth sets were soaked in water for four days to rehydrate. After which, the following processing methods were applied to sets 2, 3 and 4; blanching at 80°C for 10 minutes (Earth-almond blanch - EAB), allowed to ferment for 4 days (Earth-almond fermented - EAF) and dehydrated (Earth-almond dehydrated - EAD) by oven drying at 60°C for 3hrs after rehydration respectively. The 2nd – 4th sets were then oven dried at a temperature of 60°C for 17 hours before milling into flour. Results of proximate analysis shows that EAF had the highest protein (8.37 ±0.12), carbohydrate (49.01 ±0.17) and ash (6.20 ±0.12). The highest lipid (7.55 ±0.06) and crude fibre (19.50 ±0.23) was recorded for EAD, while the highest moisture content was recorded for EAB (19.71 ±0.35). EAF had significantly (p<0.05) improved mineral and amino acid contents; while processing generally reduced the phytochemical content when compared with the air- dried sample (EAAd).
Abstract: The study investigated Changes in Nutrient and Phytochemical Composition of Processed Tigernut (Cyperus esclentus L). Tiger nut also known as Earth-almond was purchased as dried Earth-almond tubers; carefully selected to remove dust particles and shared into four sets. The first set designated as Earth-almond air dried (EAAd) was further air-dried ...
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Adequately Iodized Salt and Associated Factors at Household Level in Kolfe keraniyo Sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Habtamu Ayigegn,
Tsedeke Wolde,
Dessalegn Geleta,
Kinfe Haile,
Ayinalem Alemu,
Zebenay Workneh Bitew
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2020
Pages:
30-36
Received:
11 May 2020
Accepted:
28 May 2020
Published:
8 June 2020
Abstract: Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem throughout the world. Salt iodization is the commonest type of food fortification well exercised in many countries as the method of choice to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders. This study aimed to assess adequately iodized salt and associated factors at the household level in Kolfe keraniyo sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Kolfe keraniyo sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from July to August 2019. In this study, 541 samples were included. Rapid test kit was used to get a semi-quantitative estimation of the salt iodine level. Among all samples, 95.5% was adequately iodized (>15ppm). In multivariable analysis, educational level (AOR=3.30; 95% CI: 1.06, 10.32), storing salt in an open container (AOR=10.71; 95% CI: 3.26, 35.23), salt buying frequency (AOR= 6.69; 95% CI: 2.34-19.10), using packed salt (AOR= 4.26; 95% CI: 1.46-12.40) and household monthly income ≥200 ETB (AOR=3.10; 95% CI: 1.11-8.60) had a statistically significant association to availability of adequately iodized salt at household level. In this study, the proportion of households that use adequately iodized salt meets the WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD recommended proportion (≥90%). However, a considerable amount of households use inadequately iodized salt. Increasing the awareness of the community on proper storage and utilization of iodized salt should be done.
Abstract: Iodine deficiency is a major public health problem throughout the world. Salt iodization is the commonest type of food fortification well exercised in many countries as the method of choice to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders. This study aimed to assess adequately iodized salt and associated factors at the household level in Kolfe keraniyo sub...
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Phytochemical Study of Rice Hull for Phytin Production
Tashmenov Rakhim,
Janpaizova Vassilya,
Toksanbayeva Zhanat,
Ashirbekova Gulnur
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, March 2020
Pages:
37-42
Received:
10 March 2020
Accepted:
31 March 2020
Published:
17 June 2020
Abstract: Currently, great strides have been made in the field of creating highly effective synthetic medical preparations. Nevertheless, preparations derived from plant raw materials occupy a significant place in medical practice and account for about one third of the total number of medicines. The volumes of annual procurements and processing of plant raw materials amount to tens of thousands of tones. At the same time, for more complete satisfaction of the health needs in medical preparations and expansion of the range of highly effective low-toxic drugs, it is necessary to find new sources of natural bioactive compounds and develop technologies based on them for integrated use of raw materials. A particularly important problem is development of modern technologies for production of biologically active substances from available, cultivated and promising drug raw materials in terms of manufacturing application. It is known that introduction of biometal ions into the molecule of a natural biologically active compound can enhance and expand the range of its therapeutic action. Such coordination compounds, in which molecules of natural compounds act as ligands, and transition metal ions (Cu, Co, Fe, Zn, etc.) as complexing compounds, with relatively low toxicity, have a higher and more diverse biological effect compared to the initial compounds. They also compare favorably from synthetic preparations with much lower toxicity, simpler chemical and technological methods for their production, and, consequently, less complex instrumentation for their production.
Abstract: Currently, great strides have been made in the field of creating highly effective synthetic medical preparations. Nevertheless, preparations derived from plant raw materials occupy a significant place in medical practice and account for about one third of the total number of medicines. The volumes of annual procurements and processing of plant raw ...
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